What is a Section 47 Enquiry? Child Protection Guidance

Ensuring the safety and well-being of vulnerable, at-risk children.

What is a Section 47 Enquiry?

A Section 47 Enquiry, also known as a S47, Child Protection Enquiry, or a Child Protection Investigation is a legal provision that allows local authorities to investigate concerns about a child’s welfare. 

A Section 47 Enquiry is part of the Children Act 1989 and is triggered when there is reasonable cause to suspect that a child is suffering or is likely to suffer significant harm. Triggers can include: 

  • A child’s disclosure
  • Professional concerns
  • Referrals from individuals or agencies
  • Multi-agency information sharing
  • A pattern of concerns.

Each case is assessed individually. The purpose of a Section 47 Enquiry is to investigate, gather evidence, and make informed decisions to protect a child’s welfare.

What Does a Section 47 Enquiry Involve?

During an enquiry, social workers and other professionals gather information and assess the child’s situation to determine if any intervention or support is required to ensure their safety and well-being.

A Section 47 Enquiry involves the following steps:

  • Gathering Information: Social workers gather information from various sources, including the child, family members, schools, healthcare professionals, and relevant agencies.
  • Assessing the Child’s Situation: The gathered information is carefully assessed to determine the child’s current circumstances and any potential risks or harm they may face.
  • Home Visits and Interviews: Social workers conduct home visits and interview family members, including the child, to gather more information about their well-being and any concerns.
  • Multi-Agency Collaboration: Professionals from different agencies collaborate to assess the child’s situation comprehensively, sharing information and expertise.
  • Risk Assessment: A thorough risk assessment is conducted to evaluate the level of risk to the child’s safety and well-being, guiding further action and intervention.
  • Decision-Making: Based on the gathered information and risk assessment, decisions are made regarding support services, child protection measures, or legal action if necessary.
  • Child Protection Conference: If significant concerns are identified, a conference is held with professionals and family members to develop a plan to safeguard the child’s welfare.
  • Ongoing Monitoring and Support: Following the enquiry, the child and their family receive ongoing monitoring and support to ensure their safety and well-being.

It is important to note that the specific steps and processes involved in a Section 47 Enquiry may vary depending on the unique circumstances of each case.

How many outcomes are there of a section 47 Enquiry?​

There are five possible outcomes of a Section 47 Enquiry:

  1. No Further Action: If the enquiry determines that the child is not at significant risk of harm, no further action may be taken, and the case may be closed.
  2. Support Services: If concerns are identified but the child is not at immediate risk, support services may be provided to the child and their family to address any underlying issues and prevent further harm.
  3. Child Protection Plan: If the enquiry finds that the child is at risk of significant harm, a Child Protection Plan may be put in place. This plan outlines specific actions and interventions to safeguard the child’s welfare, involving ongoing monitoring and support.
  4. Legal Action: In some cases, if the risk of harm is severe and immediate, legal action may be taken to protect the child. This can involve seeking court orders, such as Emergency Protection Orders or Care Orders, to remove the child from their current environment and ensure their safety.
  5. Referral to Other Agencies: If the enquiry identifies concerns that fall outside the scope of child protection, the case may be referred to other relevant agencies or services for appropriate support and intervention.

It’s important to note that the specific outcome will depend on the individual circumstances and the professional judgment of the social workers and other professionals involved.

FAQs

Who can initiate a Section 47 enquiry?

A Section 47 enquiry can be initiated by professionals who work with children, such as teachers, doctors, social workers, or police officers, as well as by members of the public, family members, neighbours, or other agencies.

What is a Child Protection Conference?

A Child Protection Conference is a meeting that brings together professionals, family members, and other relevant individuals to discuss and develop a plan to safeguard the welfare of a child who is at risk of significant harm.

The conference aims to assess the child’s needs, identify risks, and coordinate support services to ensure their safety and well-being.

What is a Child Protection Plan?

A Child Protection Plan is a comprehensive and tailored plan developed by professionals in collaboration with the child, their family, and relevant agencies. It is created when a child is deemed to be at risk of significant harm.

The plan outlines specific actions, interventions, and support services required to safeguard the child’s welfare. It includes clear objectives, roles and responsibilities of involved parties, and a timeline for review and monitoring. The Child Protection Plan aims to ensure the child’s safety, promote their well-being, and address any underlying issues or risks identified during the Section 47 enquiry.

What is an Emergency Protection Order (EPO)?

An Emergency Protection Order (EPO) is a legal measure that can be sought by local authorities or the police to protect a child who is at immediate risk of significant harm. It is typically used in urgent situations where there is a need to remove the child from their current environment to ensure their safety. An EPO grants temporary custody and authority to the applicant, allowing them to take necessary actions to protect the child, such as placing them in foster care or a safe location. The order is obtained through a court application and is subject to regular review to ensure that it remains necessary and proportionate to the child’s circumstances.

The plan outlines specific actions, interventions, and support services required to safeguard the child’s welfare. It includes clear objectives, roles and responsibilities of involved parties, and a timeline for review and monitoring. The Child Protection Plan aims to ensure the child’s safety, promote their well-being, and address any underlying issues or risks identified during the Section 47 enquiry.

What is a Care Order?

A Care Order is a legal order issued by the court that grants the local authority parental responsibility for a child. It is typically sought when the court determines that the child is at risk of significant harm and that the local authority must have legal authority and responsibility for making decisions regarding the child’s care and upbringing.

Under a Care Order, the local authority has the power to determine where the child will live, and make decisions about their education, healthcare, and other aspects of their upbringing. The local authority is also responsible for ensuring the child’s welfare and providing necessary support services.

A Care Order is usually issued for a specified period, but it can be extended if necessary. The court will regularly review the order to assess the child’s progress and determine if it is still necessary and in the child’s best interests.

How long does a Section 47 enquiry take?

The duration of a Section 47 enquiry can vary depending on the complexity of the case and the availability of information.

It is important for professionals to conduct a thorough investigation while also prioritising the safety and well-being of the child.

 

How is the child's welfare monitored after a Section 47 enquiry?

Following a Section 47 enquiry, ongoing monitoring and support are provided to the child and their family to ensure their safety and well-being.

Can parents or caregivers be involved in a Section 47 enquiry?

Yes, parents or caregivers are typically involved in a Section 47 enquiry.

They may be interviewed, provide information, and participate in discussions and decision-making processes to ensure the best interests of the child are considered.

What support is available for families during and after a Section 47 enquiry?

Families involved in a Section 47 enquiry may receive support services, such as counseling, parenting support, or access to community resources, to address any underlying issues and promote the well-being of the child and family.

Ongoing monitoring and support may also be provided after the enquiry.

What rights do parents have during a Section 47 enquiry?

Parents have the right to be informed about the Section 47 enquiry, to be heard, and to provide their perspective and information relevant to the child’s welfare.

However, the primary focus is on ensuring the safety and well-being of the child.

Can a Section 47 enquiry lead to the removal of a child from their family?

In certain cases where there is an immediate risk of significant harm, a Section 47 enquiry may result in the child being temporarily or permanently removed from their family.

This ensures the child’s safety and well-being, and decisions are made on a case-by-case basis.

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What is a Section 47 Enquiry?​

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